🐍Getter and Setter in Python

Basically, the main purposes of using getter and setters in object-oriented programs is to ensure data encapsulation. Private variables in Python are not actually hidden fields like in other object-oriented languages. Getters and Setters in Python are often used when:

We use getters and setters to add validation logic around getting and setting a value.

To avoid direct access of a class field i.e., private variables cannot be accessed directly or modified by external user.

Using normal function to achieve getters and setters behavior

To achieve getters and setters property, if we define normal get() and set() methods it will not reflect any special implementation.

# Python program showing a use 
# of get() and set() method in
# normal function
class Geek:
    def __init__(self, age = 0):
        self._age = age
        
    # getter method
    def get_age(self):
        return self._age
        
    # setter method
    def set_age(self, x):
        self._age = x
raj = Geek()

# setting the age using setter
raj.set_age(21)

# retrieving age using getter
print(raj.get_age())

print(raj._age)

A getter method is used to retrieve the value of an attribute or property of an object. It is typically used to provide read-only access to an attribute, meaning that the value of the attribute cannot be changed directly. Getter methods are defined using the @property decorator in Python.

A setter method, on the other hand, is used to change the value of an attribute or property of an object12345. It is typically used to provide write-only access to an attribute, meaning that the value of the attribute can be changed but not read. Setter methods are defined using the @<attribute>.setter decorator in Python.